New Research Article: “Examining the Impact of the National Institutes of Health Public Access Policy on the Citation Rates of Journal Articles”

The following article was published by PLOS One on October 8, 2015.
Title
Examining the Impact of the National Institutes of Health Public Access Policy on the Citation Rates of Journal Articles
Author
Sandra L. De Groote
University of Illinois at Chicago
Mary Shultz
University of Nevada School of Medicine
Neil R. Smalheiser
University of Illinois at Chicago
Source
PLOS One
10(10): e013995
Abstract
Purpose
To examine whether National Institutes of Health (NIH) funded articles that were archived in PubMed Central (PMC) after the release of the 2008 NIH Public Access Policy show greater scholarly impact than comparable articles not archived in PMC.
Methods
A list of journals across several subject areas was developed from which to collect article citation data. Citation information and cited reference counts of the articles published in 2006 and 2009 from 122 journals were obtained from the Scopus database. The articles were separated into categories of NIH funded, non-NIH funded and whether they were deposited in PubMed Central. An analysis of citation data across a five-year timespan was performed on this set of articles.
Results
A total of 45,716 articles were examined, including 7,960 with NIH-funding. An analysis of the number of times these articles were cited found that NIH-funded 2006 articles in PMC were not cited significantly more than NIH-funded non-PMC articles. However, 2009 NIH funded articles in PMC were cited 26% more than 2009 NIH funded articles not in PMC, 5 years after publication. This result is highly significant even after controlling for journal (as a proxy of article quality and topic).
Conclusion
Our analysis suggests that factors occurring between 2006 and 2009 produced a subsequent boost in scholarly impact of PubMed Central. The 2008 Public Access Policy is likely to be one such factor, but others may have contributed as well (e.g., growing size and visibility of PMC, increasing availability of full-text linkouts from PubMed, and indexing of PMC articles by Google Scholar).
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Filed under: Data Files, Funding, Journal Articles, News, PLOS